Blackthorn - Prunus spinosa

I've decided to post a few of my old photographs that i didn't manage to post whilst they were in flower. Blackthorn flowering period has long since gone - in fact i've seen many ripe sloe fruits ready to be picked which seems early to me - but i'm not complaining. Bring on the sloe gin!

Away for a while

I'm in London writing up my dissertation for my masters. London's pretty quiet on the flower front so i think i'll have problems posting every day - especially with all the work i have to do. So, i apologise in advance for my sporadic posting. I may not be able to post for several weeks. Hope you can cope without new pictures whilst i'm away! Victoria

Field scabious - Knautia arvensis

The field scabious has petals with four unequal sized lobes. It could be confused with Devil's Bit Scabious but this species has four lobes that are equal in length.

Glow worm larvae?

Can anyone help me with the identification of this species? I think it could this be the larvae of a glow-worm but i'm not sure. Sorry about the rubbish photo, it kept running around and I couldn't make it keep still and I couldn't get a good picture of its head. It was a pesky little thing.

Black or Common Knapweed - Centaurea nigra

Autumn Gentian - Gentianella amarella

As it's name suggests this is a pretty little species that comes out in the Autumn. Right now is a great time to go looking for them, they can be found growing in chalk grassland all over Sussex.

Dodder - Cuscuta epithymum

This is a parasitic plant that grows on plants such as heather and clover. It looks like red string trailing across the ground. It's seen here growing on clover at a chalk grassland site but i've seen it before on heathlands too.

Autumn Lady's Tresses - Spiranthes spiralis

Another beautiful orchid. It's so tiny i almost didn't see it amongst the grasses but when you learn what to look for they seem to be everywhere

Betony - Stachys officinalis

Oxeye daisy - Leucanthemum vulgare

Harebell - Campanula rotundiflora

Selfheal - Prunella vulgaris

Ragwort - Senecio jacobea

Ladies Bedstraw - Galium verum

Woody Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara

Ribwort plantain - Plantago lanceolata

Lesser Burdock - Arctium minus

Common Figwort - Scrophularia nodosa

Ok, so i've got figwort in twice. But i really like this picture, and i've misplaced my camera and haven't had a chance to take any new pictures for a while. Don't be angry!

Bladder Campion - Silene vulgaris

Hare's Foot Clover - Trifolium arvense

Evening primrose - Oenothera biennis

Brachypodium pinnatum - Tor grass

This species can become a real problem in chalk grassland. It's a big tough grass that is undesirable to grazing animals and it can dominate the sward shading out more desirable grasses and forbs. It's leaves are quite a light green that can be seen at some distance standing out against the rest of the grassland

Pineappleweed - Matricaria matricarioides

Like a daisy the flower is made up of a compound yellow/green head only without the ray florets round the edge. When the plant is crushed it smells strongly like pineapples, hence its name. This plant was introduced to the UK sometime around 1900 and has spread throughout much of England

Red Star Thistle - Centaurea calcitrapa

The red star thistle is marked as vulnerable by the IUCN and it is apparantly confined to Sussex coastal areas in the UK although the NBN gateway shows a much wider distribution. The flower head has long yellowish spines and pink thistle like flowers. It can be found growing in distrubed habitats, particularly grassland. This plant was growing along a path way subject to a moderate level of disturbance

Cyperus sedge - Carex pseudocyperus

If you don't know, sedges look a lot like grasses with long green leaves. However, grasses have leaves in two ranks up the stem (i.e. alternate) whereas sedges have leaves in whorls of three. This means that usually the stem of a sedge seems almost triangular. This is a picture of the female part of the flower head. It's a massive, spikly drooping flower head and is fairly unmistakeable, i think. This plant was growing on the side of a ditch at Amberley Wildbrooks.

Ribbed Melliot / Meliot - Melilotus officinalis

Meadowsweet - Fillipendula ulmaria

Branched Bur-Reed - Sparganium erectum

The flowers of this plant are awesome! Look how strange and sculpted they look. I love the way they almost look like hairy maltesers (it's dinner time - bear with me). The flowers turn green eventually. The leaves of this plant look like a large juicy grass, they are arranged in two ranks up the stem. However, the leaves are very large and fleshy and traingular in section. Also, the base of the leaves are a dull pinkish colour. This plant is usually found growing in wetlands, places like ditches are good for spotting it.

Common toadflax - Linaria vulgaris

The leaves of this plant are arranged in whorls round the stem which you might be able to make out in the background of this photo, slightly out of focus. This plant can often be found in quite rough, disturbed grassland. This plant was growing alongside a path.

Tutsan - Hypericum androsaemum

Ok, so officially this picture doesn't count because it's not a picture of a flower but of the fruit. But i won't tell anyone if you don't. It belongs in the same family as all the st John's Wort plants so it has opposite leaves and pretty yellow flowers. The berries eventually go red as they ripen. I'll look out for a plant in flower and post it here when i find it.

Enchanter's Nightshade - Circaea lutetiana

Yet again I couldn't get a very good snap of this, the flowers are tiny and tricky to photograph without shaking all over the place and i was in a bit of a rush as i was meant to be carrying out a plant survey. It's a really pretty little plant though. The colour is a little hard to define, it's such a pale purple that it's almost white. It has those little fruits with hooked bristles that always end up getting stuck on your clothes, hair and down your boots.

Common figwort - Schrophularia nodosa

I love the flowers on this plant, they look like really tiny little foxgloves. It was a bit tricky to take a photo of this plant because the flowers are so small and it was quite gloomy in the wood, i kept shaking the camera about. There are a few different types of figworts and they tend to vary on their leaf, stem and sepal shape. For example, the aquatic figwort has more rounded leaves.

Meadow Clary - Salvia pratensis

This plant grows in tall spikes up to a metre and a half. It grows from a basal rosette of leaves. It has a hood like upper lip to the flower. It's quite rare now in England and is a protected species but fairly common in the rest of Europe. It is mainly to be found on good quality chalk grassland. It needs some patches of bare ground to allow seed germination so it might typically be found growing near rabbit warrens. If you want any more information about this plant check out Plantlife's article about the species

Round headed rampion - Phyteuma orbiculare

This is flower is known as the pride of Sussex. The flower is deep blue, almost purple. Each flower head is actually made up of a cluster of smaller flowers.

Yarrow - Achillea millefolium

Yarrow is a really common plant of grasslands. The leaves look almost like green feathers. It is thought to be good at healing wounds and Achilles is said to have taken the plant with him into battle. The younger leaves are supposed to be edible when boiled. Infusions of the flower are said to help with respitory problems such as colds or allergies. Wikipedia has a great article about its various uses

Flower dictionary

I came across something so useful the other day that i thought i should add a link to it from my blog. It's a word dictionary that someone has compiled that adds latin flower names into your spell checker. Thanks to this dictionary I no longer have loads of red lines running through everything i write, hurrah! Get it here: http://crescentbloom.com/III/D/17.htm if you're interested in moss as well there's a moss dictionary available from the British Bryological Society: http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/bbs/Resources/Downloads.htm#spellchk which is also very handy.

Squinancywort - Asperula cynanchica

This flower has got to have one of the best common names. I love the way the name is so interesting and yet the flower itself is small and tiny and the plant is almost invisible when it isn't flowering. I've never seen the plant in flower before so it was a nice surprise to see it blooming all over the place, the tiny pale pink flowers are very beautiful close up. The plant itself is a bedstraw, which means that it has little spindly leaves arranged in whorls around the stem and four petals to the flower.

Stemless thistle - Cirsium acaule

God how i hate thistles! Especially when you're trying to do a vegetation survey on a bit of steep grassland. Oh, if only i had a pound for every thistle i sat on yesterday. Stemless thistles are the ones whose flowers have no stem to them - or only a very short stem. They look like little purple pom poms on the ground.

Vipers bugloss - Echium vulgare

This picture doesn't really do justice to the amazing shades of blues and pinks that this flower displays. I've not seen one quite so pink before as this, they're usually just a purplish blue, but this flower has streaks of almost neon colour in it. It was quite amazing. The flower stems grow quite tall. Apparantly it was once thought to cure the bites of vipers. If you want to know more about its medicinal uses check out this website: think natural

Restharrow - Ononis repens

This plant used to annoy farmers by tangling up their harrows whilst they were ploughing. Hence its common name 'restharrow.' This flower is a member of the pea family and has distinctive leaves that appear to have a neat crease down their centre, almost if the leaf has been folded in half and then opened up again. The leaves have little teeth round their edge and can sometimes be covered in sticky hairs or glands. I found this flower growing in damp grassland by the side of a ditch

Yorkshire fog - Holcus lanatus

I'm back from Yorkshire! Thank goodness, it was quite chilly up there indeed! I thought i'd start with a photo of a grass for my first post back.

I never really took the time to stop and look at grasses. I certainly never considered that they have flowers. Being wind pollinated they don't need to be showy with big petals but their flowers can still be quite beautiful when examined close up. I thought posting Yorkshire fog would be apt seeing as how i've been visiting there for the past week. Yorkshire fog is one of my favourite grasses. It's quite easy to spot because its leaves are really soft and hairy and if you look at the base of the stem it usually has purple stripes or veins running vertically. They remind me of stripy pajama bottoms. The flower head also has a rather pleasant purplish tinge. It's definately going on the list of my top ten grasses of all time!

Honeysuckle - Lonicera periclymenum

I really wanted to take a picture of this flower but the light levels were so low where i found it it was proving impossible (i never bother taking a tripod with me and have to rely on my steady hands instead). This was the best out of a bad bunch of pictures but i'm still not really satisfied with it. I learnt the other day that you can suck out the nectar in honeysuckle just like in Nasturtiums. I wonder if you could eat the whole honeysuckle flower?

I'm off to Yorkshire for a week so there'll be a break from posting for a week or so I'm afraid.

Ragged Robin - Lychnis flos-cuculi

This plant can also be found growing in damp meadows and fens. I found it along a woodland ride where there were large clumps of it growing. The small pearl bordered fritillary is said to be fond of this plant but sadly i didn't see any of them flying around. I did see a massive dragonfly hunting along the ride but it was too quick to identify.

Foxglove - Digitalis purpurea

These appear soon after a woodland has been cleared when light floods down to the ground layer. There were hundreds of these flowers in a recent clearing when I went to visit Abbott's wood.

Spotted or Perfoliate St Johns Wort - Hypericum punctatum

This species has pairs of opposite facing leaves which, when held up to the light, appear to have tiny pinpricked holes pierced straight through them. I found this growing on the edge of a woodland ride at Abbot's wood, near Hailsham

Bramble - Rubus fruticosus

Ah the bramble, how British! Apparantly bramble isn't just one species but there are over 200 different bramble species that only real specialists can tell apart. All these species are lumped together under Rubus fruticosus agg. so that us non-specialists can record it where we see it.

Agrimony - Agrimonia eupatoria

Found growing in improved pasture in the valley of Anchor Bottom

Pencilled cranesbill - Geranium versicolor

Oh man, the picture isn't really in focus. Nevermind, you can get the picture. This species is a garden escape, and introduced species. Its veins are deep purple making it look as if it has been drawn on in pencil and the petals are notched at the end. The flower can be white to pink. I found it in growing in a scrubby wasteland area at the back of some gardens.

Horseshoe vetch - Hippocrepis comosa

Horseshoe vetch can be found growing in chalk grassland and is the foodplant for the chalkhill blue and the adonis blue butterfly. The leaves of this vetch have a small, inverted notch at the end of them and the yellow flowers grow in a ring. They can look quite similar to birds foot trefoil but this species has only five leaves on each stalk and the leaves don't have an inverted notch. Also the flowers are often tinged with red. Because of this yellow and red colouration birds foot trefoil is also known as eggs and bacon! I found this plant growing at Anchor Bottom, just north of Shoreham cement works. It wasn't wildly abundant but there was enough to support the many adonis blue butterflies i saw flittering about.